Apparatus for treating coals and other hydrocarbonaceous substances.



J. D. SCOTT. APPARATUS FOR TREATING cons AND OTHER n naomnnomcsoussunsmncns. APPLICATION FILE]? AUGZG, 1910 1 1 1 5,453, Patented Oct. 27,1914.

6 SHEETS SHEET 1.

J. D. SCOTT. APPABATUQ ron TREATING GOALS AND 01mm HYDBOGABBOHAOEOUBSUBSTANCES.

1 ,1 1 APPLIGATIOI TILED 110.28, 1910. Patented Oct. 27,

6 BEEET8BHEET 2.

MET mus J'oZnDanZa v 82:01?

J. D. SCOTT.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING coALs AND OTHER HYDROCARBCNACEOUS SUBSTANCES.

APPLIOATIOH FILED AUGJS, 191.0v 1,1 15,453.

Patented Oct. 27, 1914 6 SHEETS SHIIET 3.

o 07m Dan/a}? $0011. @51 1115 Q to 1 HYDBOCARBONAUEOUS SUBSTANCES.

Patented Oct. 27, 1914 a 1 9 1 6 2 G U A D E L I P I o I T A O I L P P AI 3 5 a. 5 1 1 D 1 6 BHEBT8-BHEET 4.

8144mm to 2 Join Dun] $1 1 Ga 1421 OTHER HYDROOAB 1,1 1 5 4 APPLIOATIOInu BONAGBOUS BUBBTANCES.

Patented Oct. 27, 1914.

D AUG.20,1910

J. D. SCOTT. APPARATUS ron TREATING cons AND OTHER HYDBOCABBONAPPLIOATIOI FILED AUGJG, 1910v 1,1 15,453.

AOEOUB snnamucns.

Pawnted Oct. 27, 1914.

' t $1 wuewtm, [3777" m a m. lohn Dania, Scull,

' 50111 SCOTT, 52 NEW YORK, N. 1'.

'piti'zn of; the "United Shams;vrusidin'gv at New York. 'bmgug'm-(if=Manha-ttan, in the 'iizour ty of- N'ew Yorkwmd Sta '01. NewYork, haw invciit-ud cal-min new and. u lrnl'rg'di'emgnts in'ippix'zatu-(o T Goals- "and 'oth fiiydyocgucbbriaseen;.' stances, Ofwhich the fulloWing is a spedfi-Sltiflfl.

This invention for trailing coals, finch: for? instant 41$ canneinites., and ,093121' carbonaceolis substances so phat, a n imr of.their:dmistitucntsmay 1' (11 ,0 viilatila hydrscztrbonu'liydrociubomiceous substangis wing (1.1131'5 s to heat in gmnpbmtures'zapgrs offhaavy oils, ymxc-s aphthaps, phen'qlsand bthr prod ukfis, anda; highe temper tur'es yield: tar,

nets of a. min--01 less gasbnus mi-hire; and. $119 01); i tiifln xentibn1s to prov dg'an' IHLPI'OYBd appui'atus- 30' which iisu to :}','I( mmarapid, C(nitin bu.

fdi'mgn ld pliac i nuiiiiubte@. mminent 01- min ion of-CLQ if tixcse.suh-

stanc "spccift caitiion Letters am nt. 1 iApplicaticn ma Adgust,26,-,-1S1Q Serial No. 579,019.

m fumiz-pus and oi-licvgo ilg having 'a" high. ppmuztuge "0i vom t-lie natte'r' shaies, lig- V thoroughz -0f practical i) v by-t1.e.- treatmentof 615% subgtzineg the max mum" APPARATUS FOR 'nzmg'rxifc CQALjS AnnOTHER HYDROGARBGNACEOUS sUBsiTANcEs.

Pzii e ited 06mm, 1914.

A; Lh rapid ef.

flux of the 'ap mu the chargerating 'orleductign clm-net ci and, bycarrying them away frum Um :nflowmg heat as rapidly as they are thrown01?, pz w'entthe formation 01" dissed :t-ic-n ous pmdugtsl Q} 0 weim'e-ntionvis the 'iXHPI'O 'Qd apparatus by mhe. duc ion chigmber may 1aged or u; a vi thout i lpa 'z ture h o 2:11pm {3f which {iii may bequifidy ant m ativel i: ap giai-atus by '01 foregoing 1-:9-

and cam-- 0 anal-can eblull of .the dr cin-bomlimous oils ture of aboutthetgmpsrature 1Q Convecsion m stitue'nt s 0f the means of l1 counnenceat a degi-m 1 so flin -i reaches: about. '70.) GQ T'c-Q- at $11 charge.whig-h 1: cm vcrtcd into n) gnu than b5," c which 211.00 portion 111 t.e without L31 chm" 031 of ,ex'ery ohm igd nlud Us z p? part; (if theupro mnent is w. apparatus "((5 (mg ch'runmx' and so cgmnccizeai withfilm; (he charge may ('0. (he othm' without in inc eduction chimim of irpiroved means nipanyiny v formr-euQicat-ion, fii'gure l timi of theeduc-i-ion s there of broken away :ivui disciose the-chargg supmeans.for' sub ecting vs and 1 11,- heat; Fig.

' through ti! is a cros -svcsducfiym chambel "ct-lanai we fiu'tiw-r iiljQCt of the invention is the chamber and of the final or coolingchamber; Fig. 4 is a plan view of the apparatus view of the tray carrieror casing, with the door at one end detached and the door at theopposite end open; Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one of the chargecarrying trays, with'a part of its perforated or mesh bottom brokenaway; Fig. 8 is a detail enlarged view of a portion of the carrier.shown in Fig. 6 supporting one corner of one 0 the trays; Fig. 9 is adetail View Of the means for raising and lowering the door; Figs. 10 and11 are detail views of the means for operating the tray carrier andmaintaining the chambers air tight at the points where the operatingmeans is located under the chambers. Fig. l2is a detail View of one ofthe bars which may be used for securing the side walls of the carriageor tray carrier together; F 13 is a detail view of the. means forpreventing a back draft between the tray carrier and the bottom of thechamber, and'Fig. 14 is an enlarged view of the tray lifting crane.

Similar'characters of reference. indicate corresponding'parts throughoutthe several views. x

In this im ro led apparatus the substance to be treatedZ-jcannelpoal orshale for ex ample, is'pla'ced in trays supported by a suitable carrieror easing open at the bottom and top, but tighfiy closed at the sides,and at the ends by 'tioorsg and which carrier is 'inclosed in a chamberfrom which the air is excluded. In connection with this tray carrier orcasing a heat producing apparatus is employed in such a manner that theproducts of combustion, such as a deoxidized or neutral gas, produced inthe present instance by gas flame, will act directly on the sides of thetray carrier and also be carried into the carrier at the top thereof anddown through the charge supported by the several trays, and thus becaused to impinge upon the coal or shale in the trays by passing overand through such trays. This tray carrier or casing connects directly orindirectly with suitable means for either forcing or drawing the vaporsthrough a suitable connecting pipe into a condenser. In the presentinstance this means is shown as a fan or exhauster. The charge of coalor shale is placed in the casing of the eduction chamber and dividedinto a plurality of layers supported in such-manner that the heatcurrents may readily pass down through the several layers from one toanother.

In the present apparatus the gas flame used for producing the heat isbrought in direct contact with the side walls of the tray carrier, thusdoing away .withthe use of tires and firechambers entirely separatedfrom the carrier. Thetemperatu're within the eduction chamber isrestrained or kept below the point where incandescence or red heatoccurs, and usually varies between about 250 degrees F., at whichtemperature the eduction or conversion of the charge r commences, andabout 700 degrees F at which tem erature the complete separation of' thev0 atile hydrocarbonaceous oils is.

usually obtained. When the temperature has reached about 250 degrees-F., the ex hauster is started and driven at such speed as toeffectively draw the deqxidized gas into the tray carrier atthe topthereof and downward through theseveral trays and thus over and through,the bodies of coal, whereby suchdeoxi ed gas is caused to .impinge uponthe coal-and thus convert or educe therefrom the vapors, which as theydevelop join with such heat currents and are caused to'flow. with themout of the eduction chamber asrapidly as they are formed, beihgthendriven bythe exhauster'. to a condenser, or to several'thereof, whce thevapors thus produced in the manner stated are condensed into-heavy oils.The

tern erature of the products of combustion, or eoxidized gas, should .beconsiderably below'red heat to prevent-the production of such gaseousproducts as are evolved at hi h temperatures, and the effect of these reatively low temperatures is to cause vapors and sprays of the heavy oilsand waxes to be drawnout of the coal or shale, which vapors are sweptrapidly away-from the points where they develop and out of the eductionchamber and away from the incoming heat before dissociation can takeplace, by the free rapidly moving heat currents with which they mingle.

It will be observed that in the present apparatus the heat to which thecharge is subjected is largely due to direct heat on the sides oftheinner or removable chamber or tray carrier, 'so that the combustiongases merel tend to sweep away theoil vapors thus ormed and give adirection to the currents of those oil vapors, whereas heretofore theheat was solely obtained from the high temperature combustion ses.Furthermore, the zigzag passing 0 the heated gases. in the apparatusheretofore used tended to cool those gases, so that by thetime theyreached the bottom trays the eduction caused by them was very imperfectand the coke on the bottom trays was found to contain very much morevolatile matter than the coke on the upper trays, but by means of thepresent apparatus, whereby the deoxidized gas passes not only over andunder .the trays, but also transversely sun in 3 matter is obtained fromthe low 1 trays as from the upper.

The apparatus shown herein for the treatment or eduction oi thehydrocarbonaceous substances consists of an eduction chamber having infront thereof and connected hereto a preliminary heating chamber 3,which practice is preferably provided with an auxiliary heatingapparatus by means of which the charge may beheaded up u-eparaloril tothe conveyancgjhereof c,- the education chamber, whereby when carriedinto the latter chamber the charge will be more quickly heated and thevolatile bydrocarbonaceous material extracted the: eirom in a more rapidmanner, thus materially reducing the time necessary for carrylog outthis imu'os'ed proc 5. At the rear I of and connected with the eductionchamher is a cooling chamber 4, these chambers being separated from eachother by suit-able doors and 6. This cooling chamber -t permits thecycle of operations to go on continuously without the necessity of .ie,ring the tray carrier in the eduction chamber for the purpose of beingcooled, which would of course necessitate a gradual cooling down of theeduction chamber without the admission of any cold air, the admission ofwhich would tend to ignite the charge. By the provision of this coolingchamher the charge can be gradually cooled without affecting theten'lperaluro in the eduction chamber, and it also prevents the ignitionof the charge, which would immediately take place if the charge were.broughtinto the open a' instead of in the cooling chamber thus (1 royingthe residual coke and seriously impairing the elliciency of the process.By thissystem of chambers, it will be observed that the educlion chamber2- is always in condition for the reception of a new carrier containinga charge of material to be treated, and in the present imprm'enicnt itwill also be observed that this Y-hargc, when conveyed into the cdnctionchamber has already been heated to a predeternlincd temperaturei so thatin consequence the time required to completely treat or educo the chargein the eduction chamber is very much lessi'incd, as well as betterresults obtained. These chambers are pl'cii crably formed by suit-aidemasonry or coiusrelc, and of a suitable size to receive a erable numberof trays. 'llle tray carrier 7 shown herein made up of I-bcams 8, theflanges of which are suitably bolted togetl1.ci.',-tluis forlorn a pairof side walls 9 and 10, the inner flanges l1 prtwtnig mlo the chamber ofthe carrier con Ailing the supports for the trays. The

bottom Walls of the chambers 2, 3 and 4 are provided with suitablesupporting rollers 12 by means of which the carrier is readily run fromone chamber into the other. The side Walls of the chambers are alsoprovided with rollers 13 adapted to engage the sides,

as for instance a pair of exterior flanges 14, of the carrier, therebyto prevent sidewise. play or lateral movement of the carrier and also tofacilitate the shifting of the carrier.

Within the eduction chamber, and at the' sides of the carrier chamberthere. are'locatecl gas pipes 15, one at each side of the carrier,having a series of jets such as Bunsen burners extending along 'thecarrier throughout the length thereof adjacent to the bottom, and bymeans of which the heat for the conversion of the charge is obtained,the spaces betweenqthe sides of the carrier and the inner walls of theGtlllC-tlOll chamber constituting lines or heat passages by means ofwhich the deoxidized gas is drawn upward and over the top of thecarrier; The preliminary heating chamber is' also provided withsimilarly arranged gas jets 15 which are, however, located at somewhatgreater distances apart than are those in the eduction chamber, this forthe purpose of providing a less degree of heat in the preliminaryheating chamber, so ,thatthe' eduction or separation of the olatilehydrocar bonaccous material will not actually; cornmenoe until thecarrier has been Shifted into the education chamber. These pipes areconnected by suitable conduits 16 leading to a suitable sourceof'supply.

The tray carrier proyidcd at each'end with a door 17 hinged thereto andhaving a suitable catch l8 for tightly clamping it in position. Thetrays 19 are pretoi'ably formed of angle iron having suitable braces 20supporting a perforated or "reticulated bottom 21, shown herein formedof wire inesh, by meam of which the heated produc; of combustion or(leokidiz edgas' ma be drawn not only over but doi'vnwardly through thecharge carried by the trays and thus from one tray to another from topto bottom thereof v The side Walls. of the carricr are suitablyconnected together by connecting members or bars detachable to permitthe trays to be sel'iarated. "from' the carrier in the mannerhereinafter dcscribecl' an imperfect eductionsolfthatfthecoke on theboitom tire-vs coma ct lnnch more volal 1;: ,i tile matier rhan thatontheynpper trays, a

much morefpcrfect" rliiction'ofall of the disclosing that by feeteduction of the charge on the lowertrays the result,.raoticaldemonstration t. is improved apparatus a larger amount of volatilehydrocarbonaceous oils is obta'ined. V

The doors 5 and-6, together with the door closing the front of thechamber 3, and a similar door, .not shown for closing the rear end ofthe chamber 4,4ire sliding doors mounted in'suitableways and attached tocables 27 one for each door, the manipulation of each of whichcables andits door is controlled byean independent mechanism, whereby the door maybe raised ind lowcred at the proper time. As the means for v 0 cratingeach of these doors is shown as t e same, a description pf one ofthemwill ce.. Supported on top of themasonry forming the .several chambersis the operating mechanism for each of the doors. This consists of agrooved cable wheel or drum 28 -a round which the door supportin cableis wound. Th drum is supporte on .a shaft 29 to whiii is also rigidlyconnected a worm wheel 30 in mesh with a worm 31 carrying at its otherend a bevel gear 32 in mesh with a pair ofbevel gears 33 and 34 looselymounted ona'sli aft 35 having at one erid a driving wheel-or pulley 36,which is coi'mect'ed byta suitable belt 37 with a source 1 of'power,suchfor instance as a motor 63.

through the ,medium .of a

There is a belt 37 for each of. the door operating means, these belts'37all being-operated from the same source of power, which "ow er in thepresent instance is transmittedulley wheel 64 and belt 65 leading to apu ley mounted on one of-the shafts 61'hereinafter described.

' Located betweenthe two bevel gears 33 and 34 is a clutch mechanism 39'controlled" by a suitable. clutch shifter 40 connected with asuitableilever system 41 'so mounted that the operating handle42 thereofisin such position at the side of the. apparatus that it "can be readilymanipulated by the operator,

so that on shifting the lever .42 the shift-- able member 43 of theclutch mechanism, and which memberis splined or keyed 'to the shaft 35for sliding movement-and for rotation with: the shaft, will be throwninto engagement with one or the other of the menu and rotatewith thebevel gears 33 and 34,-- thereby to either raise or lower the door in amannerwhich will be readily understood.

For the purpose of disconnecting the clutch, member;at-the proper time,after the clutch 40 hascby means of; the lever 42 been shiftedinto-connectionjwith the bevel gear-- I which is effective to rotate thecable drum in one direction to raise the door, a suitable an *tomatici'means for operating the" l hJ '1 shifteris. provided. This consists inthe i crs of the clutch which are'fixed to rack 50.

present instance of a shding=--member'or'bar "closed bythe meanshereinai 44, whichbar is provided with a slot 45 at gene end, throughwhich the shaft 29 passes for guiding such bar, the opposite end46 beingconnected to the clutch shifter 40. This bar carries a pair ofprojecting stops 47 and 48 adapted to contact with a stud or projection49 carried by the cable drum. When the door has been raised to thedesired extent by mani ulating the lever 42 so as to throw the clutchmechanism into position to connect up the proper bevel gear, as 34, thestop 49 comes into contact with the arm or pro ection 47 of the bar 44and shifts the bar 44 in one direction and thereby operates the clutchshifter 40 to move it and the movable clutch member away from theparticular fixed clutch member with which it was engaged, thuspermitting the driving mecha-- nismto rotate without further raisingoithe door. When it is desired tolower the door, the lever 42 "ismanipulated. and through iding member of the the medium of the clutchshifter 40 the sliding clutch member, which, as hereinbefore stated,-issplined to the shaft 35, is shifted into engagement with the oppositebevel gear 33,-whereupon the worm is rotated in the opposite directionand the drum brought into position to contact with-the projection 48 insuch position that it will automatically shift the movable member of theclutch away from the bevel gear 33 and thus disconnect the dooroperating means to prevent further movement of the door. 7

' For shifting the'tray carrier or carrier chamber from'one of thecompartments or chambersto the other of'the eductor, suitable means isprovided. In the present improvement each tray carrier is provided atits underside with arack 50 of substantially the length of the carrier,this rack being located preferably centrally bctween'the sides of thecarrier to extend lengthwise-thereof,

and to, project beyond one, as the fr'ont end of the carrier. Thisenables the fcarrier to be completely shifted from one'chamber' intofanother,.for until the tray carrier is shifted entirely intothe'chamber, a part of the rack will remain in engagement with the"gear. Located under each of the chambersfl, 3' and 'rotated to lowerthe doorg When the door has been completely lowered, the stud 49 is 4and under the platform in front, of the preliminary heating chamber andat the rear of the cooling ohamberd's the, carrier shifting mechanism,and as they-are all simi lar the description of one of thom is deemed'suflici'ent. Each of these mechani prises a gear'52 loosely mount-eingfsha'ft 54-and projects eit platform in the front and re torlorthrough aslot 52 in the several chambers 2, 3 and This slot 52 of e asto maintain such chambers air-tight. This rotating shaft 54 has a pulleywheel 58 cOnnected by a belt 59 with another pulley wheel (30 mounted ona shaft 61, on which shaft there is also mounted a belt pulley 62connected with a suitable source of power, as for instance the motor 63,which constitutes the source of power for raising and lowering the doofsas well as for shifting the carriers. For connecting the gear 52 to therotating shaft 54 a clutch is usel, see Figs. 10 and 11, one member as70, being carried by the gear 52 and the other, as 71 keyed or splinedto the shaft 54, and therefore rotating therewith. A clutch shifter 72straddles the clutch member 71 and is connectcdjto a sliding rod 73linked to an operating handle 74. The manipulation of this handle 74-will engage' or disengage the clutch members. When such members areengaged the gear 52 will be rotated with the shaft, and so shift thetray carrier, which when shifted into the proper position in the chamberwill have the forward end of its rack pass over its shifting gear 52.

In practice when the carrier is brought by its truck, not shown, infront of the first chamber, the lever 74 adjacent to that chamher ismanipulated, whereupon the gear 52 in mesh with the rear end of the rackof the tray carrier will be rotated, and thereu 011 shift the carrierinto the first chamber. 'lbereuyyon, the door is lowered. When it isdesired to shift this carrier in ,chamher into the erluction chamber thetray carrier in chamber 4 first shifted by a similar rack mechanism tothat just described from such chamber 4 and the rea r door lowered.Thereupon the do r 6 is raised and the carrier in the eduction chamberA. with the residual coke. shifted by a rack shifting mechanismsimilanto that "inst (lQs it'il' -fl from the eduction chamber E2 to theHome; chamber 4 and the d or 6 iou'o ml. The our 5 is: then raised andthe *arri r in chamb r 3. by its rack shifting mechani m, then shiftedinto the eduction Chamber :2 and the door 5 lowered, whereupon anothercarrier, with its loaded trays, may be shifted into the chamber 3 inreadiness" to be conveved in o the eduction chamber in the manner justdescribed.

Located in front and rear of the apparatus is a truck track 80 for thetray carrier truck 79, (see Fig. 4-) and to one side of the platform isa suitable crane 8i foulifting and separating, the trays from thecarrier. This crane runs upon-a suitable track H2 and is provided withworm wheels 83 and 84 in mesh with right and left hand worms carried bya shaft 86. (in. one end of the shaft is a sprocket. or chain wheel 7for a hand hain 88. Carried by each of the worm wheels E3 is :1depending chain 8-9 having h alts 3 sucl'i hooks-ado to ngagiwithprojecting loops or rings in the ends of the trays Vhen the trays havebeen properly loaded they are carried by the crane into position to bereceived by the tray carrier, which is mounted upon a truck movable uponthe track 80. The trays being carried by the crane in the manner shownin Fig. 14, are conveyed lengthwise into the carrier above the traysupporting flanges,

and to permit this the detachable brace bars 22 are removed. When theyare in their proper position in the carrier the chain is manipulated toslightly lower the trays, whereupon they are brought into position to besupported upon the interior flanges 11 of the carrier, whereupon afurther lowering of the chains 89 and the hooks 90 will release thetrays from the crane and thereupon the crane can be removed. A similarmeans is provided for lifting the trays at the end of the chamber 4 forthe purpose of dumping the trays with the coke or residual materialtherein.

For the purpose of shifting a carrier from the rear to the front of theapparatus, thereby to permit the carriers to be re-used, at

one side of the apparatus I have shown the platform provided withsuitable rollers 95, sim ar rollers 96 being located in front of thefirst chamber 3 to facilitate the shifting of the carrier into thatchamber. In practice a number of these apparatus may be provided, asshown by the dotted lines 100 sorrce of power, such for instance as amotor 103. This conduit 101 may have a drip outlet 1'01 emptying into atank or tub 101" see Fig. 5. This fan casing communie cales withsuitable condensers .200. Since the eduction chamber, as well as theother chambers should be maintained air-tight and as the rack shiftinggears are always in rack engaging position and therefore project throughthe bottoms of the chambers. some means must be provided to close thebottom wall of each of these chambers.

For this purpose each of the gears 52 and its clutch, (excepting ofcourse,the gear, located in front of the preliminary heating chamber andin the rear of the cooling nl'mmber,) is located in a lightly closedcasing or box 105 secured to the underside of the chamber walls, theshaft 54 a.nd rod 73 only projecting therefrom at one side. The pi ormin front of the preliminary heating -.hambcr, and at the rear of thecooling chamber each, as heroinbefore stated,

of the gear 52, located practice the outer, that is the front and rear,doors of the apparatus will, subsequent to each loading 0 the chambersin the manner hereinbefore described, be made air-tight by the use ofsome suitable material, such as asbestos cement.

Above each of the doors 5 and (Y of the eduction chamber is located ahood 120, which is entirely closed at its top and on all sides,except-the bottom, with the exceptionfof the necessary 0 ening for thepassage of the chain or ca le connected to the door. These hoods preventthe egress of the heated air from the eduction chamber as well as' theingress'of cold air thereinto and permit the raising of the door therequired distance to permit the shifting .of the tray carrier.

By means of the present apparatus it will be observed that a uniformtemperature can i be maintained throughout the height of the j carrierin view of :carrier and some of its characteristics notably inits' outthe same,

e fact that the flame from the. gas jets will impinge upon the out sidesurfaces ofthe carrier at points along the lower portion of the sidesthereof thus heating the material on the trays at those points where ithas heretofore been imprac- 8'5- ticable to obtain a suflioient amountof heat to complete the eduction of the volatile matter in the lowertrays. -Thus, the heat which is drawn up and over the top of the downthrough the trays is supplemented at the lower portion of th carrier bythe heat which comes in contact with the carriers at this point owing tothe location of the gas jets in the manner stated, so I that thematerial in the lower trays is as effectively treated as 'is thematerial in the upper trays.

The ap aratus above described, when applied to t e treatment of coal,produces a very superior quality of coke as a result of thecomparatively low temperature at which the treatment is carried on, thatis below red heat or incandescence, with practically no tar or aseousroducts being thrown oif,no co 'n-g o the coal in the usual sense ofthat term taking place, and the residual coke'difl'ers from cokes asusually produced in its properties and approximates closely to charcoawhich it resembles in porosity, ease of ignition and free burningqualities. The chargeto be-treated being located between the gas flameswhich are within the-eduction chamber, and not withm sses liminaryheating and eduction chambers, by

conveying such gases from the condensers to a tank 201, and connectingthe gas pipes 203 with such tank and thus utilizing these incondensablegases to supply heat for the extraction of the volatile OliS.

In practice the bottom of the eduction chamber 2 will be provided with alow wall or partition 205 to inclose the sides of the carrier so as toprevent the heated currents from being drawn under the carrier insteadof up through the fines and down through the carrier. These walls mayhave their upper edges bent over to overlap the lower outer flanges ofthe I-beams of the carrier I claim as my invention: v

1. In an apparatus fortreatin'g coals and other hydrocarbonaceoussubstances, spaced in communication on v m the other hand with anexhaust pipe, and means for inducing currents of heat to pass throughthe trays and drawing such currents of heat andthe va ors extracted fromthe substance into the ex aust pipe.

u an apparatus for treating, coals and other hydrocarbonaceoussubstances, s aced and perforated or open mesh trays for olding thesubstance to be treated inclosed in a chamber in comunication with heatcreating means within said chamber and also in communication with anexhaust pipe, and means for inducing heated currents to pass through thetrays and extract the vapors from the substance and through the exhaustplpe. a r

3. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of asubstantially air tight chamber having an exhaust hiding therefrom, acharge-carrying cha ber within said first chamber and spaced aparttherefrom at its sides, means located between said chambers-for'creating heat to, extract the vapors from the charge,and means forforcing or drawing the vapors from the chamber through the exhaust. 4In' an apparatus of the vclass described, the combination of asubstantiallyairtight chamber having an exhaust outlet, a charge,,carrier chamber therein spaced greatly increases the rapidity of theapparatus herein and efficiency a art from "said first chamber, meanslocate between able tray-carrying chamber within said first 'chz'unbcrand spaced apart therefrom. and

said chambers for creating host to extract the vapors from thecharge,-and means for forcing or exhausting the vapors from the chamber,said heat creating means compris ing a series of gas jets.

5. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of asubstantially air-tight chamber having an exhaust outlet, achargecarricr chamber therein spaced apart from said first chamber, andmeans located between said chambers for creating heat to extract thevapors from the charge, said charge-carrier chamber having a series oftray supporting means.

6. In an apparatus of the class described, the comb'nation of a.substantially sis-tight chamber oving an exhaust outlet, a chargecorrierchamber therein spacer]. apart from said first chamber, and meanslocated between said" chambers for creating heat to extract the vaporsfrom the charge, said charge carrier chamber comprising I-beams forminga. chamber open at its top and hottom and having a series of traysupporting means.

7. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of asubstantially air-tight chamber having an exhaust outlet, a chargecarrier chamber therein spaced apart from said first chamber, means locztedbetwcen said chambers for creating heat to extract the vapors fromthe charge, said charge carrier chamber comprising I-beams forminga.chamber open "at its top vand bottom and having a series of traysupporting means, doors for the ends of said-tray'carrying chamber, anda. plurality of perfo rated or open mesh trays carried within saidcarrier chamber. 7 i

8. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a.substantially air-tight chamber hzwing an exhaust outlet. 3 movmcans forcreating heat located between said chambers.

9. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of asubstantially, air-tight chamber lrnving in-exhaust out-let. a movabletray-carrying chnr-iber within said first Plmmlicrnnd spaced aparttherefrom. and means for creating heat located between said chambers andcomprising nlseries of gas gets. 7 V

l). in an apparatus of the class described, the combination of asubstantially air-tight chnznbcr having an exhaust outlet. :i movublctrny-uu-rying chamber within said first ch amber and spaced aparttlmrct'rom. means for creating hunt located between said chmn- 1 hers,and a plurality of pcrloratci'l or open mosh trays carried by snlfl trayarrying chumbcr.

ll. in o apparatus of the class described, the combination of asubstantially air-tight i chamber having an exhaust outlet, a mow ab etray-cariying chamber Within said first chamber and spaced aparttherefrom, means for creating heat located between said chambers, andpowendrivcn means for shifting said troy-car ying chamber.

12. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of asubstantially air-tight chamber having in: exhaust outlet, at movabletray-carrying chamber within said first chamber and spaced aparttherefrom, means for creating heat located between said cham hers, andpower-driven means for shifting said tray-carrying chamber comprising a.rack located at the bottom of said chamber and means for intermittentlyengaging said rack.

13. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of apreliminary heating chamber, a vapor extracting chamber having anexhaust outlet therefrom, and a cooling chamber, doors for closing said.chambers, and means for carrying a charge from one chamber to another.

14. In an apparatus of theclziss described,

the combination of a preliminary heatingchamber, a vapor extractingchamber having an exhaust outlet therefrom, a. cooling chamber, doorsfor closing said chambers, means for carrying a. charge from one chamherto another. and power-driven means for raising and lowering said doors.

15. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of apreliminary heating chamber. a vapor extracting chamber having anexhaust outlet therefrom, a cooling chamber, doors for closingsnidchambers, means for carrying a charge from one cham- 7 her to another,power-driven means for rnising and lowering said doors, and automettcally operr ,ad means for tbrcwmg out of operation the door raising andlowering means.

in. In an epmratus of the class described, the com vination of a.preliminary heating chamber, ii series of gas jets located along thesides thereof, a vapor extracting chamber, and it series of gas jetsli'icated along the sides thereof, said vapor extracting chamber havingan exhaust out;

let therefrom.

17. In an apparatus of the class described, the conuunetion of a.preliminary .hcntin f chamber. :2 .c ios of gas 'ets located along thesides thew-col". nv vapor extracting chamber, :1 series: oi gas jetslocated along the sides thereof. the gas jets in the pr ."liminary heatng chamber being located at a greater distfince apart than those in thevapor extracting chamber, said vapor cxtrncting chamber having anexhaust outlet leading tl'ierctrom. and means for closing said(-lnnnbers and one f om the other.

18. In an apparatus of the class described. the combination of npreliminary 40 said carrier having doors closing the ends the sides"carrier comprising a chamber having its tray carrier located therein,rolls for su .6

. carrier comprisin carrier comprising a chamber-having its 'side wallsmade up of I-beams,

. carrier, said carrier having" doors closing the ends thereof andopenat its top and botv v.s'cribeihthe' combination of a preliminary.heating chamber, a vapor extracting cham- [on the carrier. 22. In an25. In anapparatus 0 the class deheating chamber, a series of gas jetslocated along the sides thereof, a vapor extracting chamber, aseries ofgas jets located along thereof, said vapor extracting chamber having anexhaustoutlet leading therefrom, a coolin chamber, and means for closingsaid cham ers and one from another. A.

19. In an ap aratus -of the class described, the com ination of achamber, a tray carrier located therein rolls jfor su porting saidcarrier, and r0 located at t e sides or preventing the play ofg saidcarrier. 1

20. In an apparatus of the class dascribed, the combination of achamber, a' tray carrier located therein, rollsfor. su portin saidcarrier, and rolls located att e sides or preventing the play of saidcarrier, said carrier com rising a. chamber hav-- ing its side wallsmade up of I--beams.'

21. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of achamber, a tray carrier located therein, rolls for supporting saidcarrier, rolls located-at the sides or preventing the play of saidcarrier, said side walls made up ofI-beams, and per-. forated or openmesh bottom trayslocated I flanges of said I-beams within said a'aratus' of the class described, the co i ination of a chamber, a

orting said carrier, rolls located at the si es or preventing the playof said carrier, said a chamber having its side walls made up 0I-beam's, and-perforated or open mesh bottom trays located on ,theflanges of said I-beams within'said carrier;

thereof and open at its top and bottom. 23. In an apparatus of the classdescribed,'the combination of a chamber, a tray carrierlocated therein,rolls for suporting said carrier, rolls located at the sides orpreventing the play of said carrier, said and pertorated'or openmeshbottom trays located on the flanges of said I-beams within said tom andprovided on its bottom w th a rack. -24. In an apparatus of the class deber and acoolingchamber ada ted tocommunicate one with another, s 1d1ndoors. for'closing said':chambers, hoods or sad sliding doors, atraycarrier shiftable from one chamber to. another, and power driven meansfor shifting said tra carrier.

scribed, the combination of a preliminary municate one wit ingthereinheat su ca plying means,

heatin chamber, a vapor extracting chamber an .a cooling chamber ada tedto communicate one with another s idin doors for closing said chambershoods" or said sliding doors, a tray carrier shiftable from one chamber.to another, power driven means for shifting said tray-carrier, and meanslo cated between the walls of the tray carrier and the prelimina heatinand vapor ex- ,tracti? chambers or supp ying heat.

26' 111,} an ap paratus of .the class described; the com ination of apreliminary heatin chamber, a vapor extracting chamber an a coolingchamber adapted to comanother, sliding doors for closing saidchambers,hoods for said sliding doors, a tray carrier. shiftable from one chamberto another, .power driven means for shifting said tray. carrier, andmeans located between the wallsof the tray carrier and the preliminaryheating and vapor extracting chambers or supplying heat andcomprisinggasjets. y A I an apparatus of. the class described, thecombination of a chamberhavplying means, a charge chamber coated withinsaidfirst chamber and contiguous to said heat supplying means, and meansfor, exhausting the vapors. from the charge fromsaid chain ers.

scribed, the combination of a chambcr'h'avingtherein heat su plyingmeans, a charge carrying chamber ocated'within said first chamber andcontiguous. to said heat sup- 7 plying means, and means at the bottom ofsaid chambers, for exhausting the vapors from the charge from saidchambers.

29, In a paratus of. the class described, the com mation of a chamberhaving therein. heat supplying means, a charge carrying chamber aiocatedwithin said first chamber and contiguous to said heat supplyin means,means at the bottom of said chem ers for-exhausting the vapors from thecharge from said chambers, and a series of separated trays superposed insaid charge carryingichamber.

' In an apparatus of" the class described, the combination of a chamberhaving therein heat on plying means, a charge carrying chamber. coatedWlthil1 said first chamber and contiguous to said heat sup means forexhausting the va '96 28. In: an apparatus of the class dey I pors fromthe: charge from said chambers,

chamber, each of I 8 1. In an apparatus of the class described,

perforated or open mesh bottors, and a heat flue or lines leading to thetop of said casing, substantially described.

In an apparatus of the class described, the combination. of a chamber. acasing therein open at its top and bottom and having superposed traysadapted to receive the sub stance to be treated said trays havingperforated or open mesh bottoms, a heat flue or flues leading to the topof said casing, and means between said casing and the walls of saidchamber for supplying the heat.

33; In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of apreliminary chamber. a vapor extracting chamber, and a cooling chamber,said chambers adapt d to communicate one with another, means for closing said chambers, an exhaust outlet from the vapor extracting chamber,and means for creating an exhaust in oinmnnieation with said outlet.

34. In an apparatusof the class descr bed, the combination of apreliminarv chamber, a vapor extracting chamber. and a cooling chamber,said chambers adapted to con.- municate one with another. means forclosing said chambers, an exhaust outlet from the vapor extractingchamber. means for creating an exhaust in communication with saidvoutlet, and means For supplying heat located within said vapor extracing chamber.

35. In an apparatus of he class; d the combination of a preliminary(amnl a vapor extracting chamber. .unl a cool ng chamber, said chambersadapted to com municate one with another, means for 010s ing saidchambers, an exhaust outlet from the vapor extracting chamber, means forcreating an exhaust. in COHHI'HIlYlCfltiOIl with said outlet, and meansfor supplying heat located Within said vapor extracting chamber and alsowithin the preliminary chamber.

36. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of apreliminarv chamber, a vapor extracting chamber, arm a coolingchanixber, said chambers adapted to (0UP municate one with another,means for closing said chambers, an exhaust outlet from the vaporextracting chamber. means for creating, an, exhaust in communicationwith said outlet, means for supplying heat located within said vaporextracting chamber and also Within the preliminary chamber, and a char ecarrying chamber shiftable from one chain war to another and locatedbetween the heat supplying means.

32. in. an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a.preliminar chamber, av vapor extracting chamber, and a cooling chamber,said chambers adapted to com- Inunicate one'with another. means forclosing said chambers, an exhaust outlet from the vapor extractingchamber. means for creating an exhaust in communication with within saidvapor extracting chamber, a

said outlet, means for supplying heat locatedwithin said vaporextracting chamber, and a charge carrying ch mber shiftable from onechamber to another and located between the heat supplying means.

38. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of apreliminary chamber, a vapor extracting chamber, and a cooling hamber,said .hambers adapted to comnninicate one with another, means forclosing said 1m rs, exhaust outlet from the vapor extracting chamber,means for creating an exhaust in communication with said outlet. meansfor supplying heat located within said vapor extracting chamber, and acharge carrying chamber shit'table from one chamber to another andlocated between the heat supplying means. the side walls of the charge frry' g chamber forming with the side Walls oi the vapor chamber fluesfor the heat currents to the top of the charge carrying chamber.

39. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a.preliminary chamber, a. vapor extracting chamber, and a cooling 0chamber, said chambers adapted to communicate one with another, meansfor closing said chambers, an exhaust outlet from the vapor extractingchamber, means for creating an exhaust in communication with saidnitlet, means for supplying heat 10- rated within said apor extractingchamber and also within the preliminary chamber, and a charge carryingchamber shiftable from one chamber to another and located between theheat supplying means, the side walls of the charge carrying chamberforming wil the side walls of the other chamhers fines for the heatcurrents to the top of the charge carrying chamber.

40. In sn apparatus of the class described, the combination of apreliminary chamber, a vapor extracting chamber, and a cooling chamber,said chambers adapted to communicate ne with another, means for closilursaid chambers, an exhaust outlet from the vapor crux-w ing chamber,means for creating an exhaust. in communication with said outlet. meansfor supplying heat located 116 charge ca rr ving chamber shiftable fromone chamber to another rind located between the heat supplying meat theside wallsof the charge carrying chmnber forming wlth the side walls ofthe vapor chamber fines for the heat currents to the top of the chargecarrying chamber, and removable super osed trays carried by the chargecarrying c amber.

41. In an apparatus of the class described, the combinmion of apreliminary chamber, a apor extracting chamber, and a cooling cham m'.chambers adapted to communi ate (File with another, means for closingsa'd wh re, an exhaust outlet from 130 the vaporextracting chamber,means for. side walls of the other chambers flues for 10 creating anexhaust m-communication withv the heat currents to the top of the chargesaid outlet, means for supplying heat 10- carrying chamber, andremovable supercated within saidyapor extractin chamber posed trayscarried by the charge carrying and also within thlggreliminary c amber,a chamber. v

char 0 carrying 0 her shiftable from one I J OHII D. SCOTT. chem r togmcther and lo ated between the Wituesees: rheatjsuppiymg means, the,51d 'wa1ls of the Enwm A. Form, charge arryiggichember farming with thq(3mm HABRIBON,

